This brief explores the current state and potential of the agro-horticultural sector in Meghalaya, a northeastern state of India. Through an examination of agricultural landscapes, key crops, and notable initiatives, the paper identifies challenges and opportunities facing the state and the wider Northeastern region. Key themes include agricultural diversification, organic farming potential, infrastructure needs, climate change resilience, and international market exploration. The brief highlights successful initiatives such as buckwheat cultivation and aquafarming missions while emphasizing the importance of policy reforms, technological adoption, and capacity building. Ultimately, this brief advocates for collaborative efforts and holistic approaches to unlock the state’s as well as the regions agricultural potential, fostering sustainable growth, economic resilience, and environmental sustainability.